Kule veki, i-Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) ye-UN, ngokubambisana ne-WHO, ipapashe ingxelo yayo yokuqala yehlabathi malunga nemiba yokhuseleko lokutya kwiimveliso ezisekelwe kwiiseli.
Ingxelo ijolise ekuboneleleni ngesiseko esiqinileyo sesayensi sokuqala ukuseka izikhokelo zomthetho kunye neenkqubo ezisebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweeproteni ezizezinye.
UCorinna Hawkes, umlawuli wecandelo leenkqubo zokutya kunye nokhuseleko lokutya le-FAO, uthe: “I-FAO, kunye ne-WHO, ixhasa amalungu ayo ngokubonelela ngeengcebiso zesayensi ezinokuba luncedo kumagunya afanelekileyo okhuseleko lokutya ukuba asebenzise njengesiseko sokulawula imiba eyahlukeneyo yokhuseleko lokutya”.
Kwingxelo, i-FAO ithe: “Ukutya okusekwe kwiiseli akukokutya okuza kwenzeka kwixesha elizayo. Iinkampani/amashishini aqalayo angaphezu kwe-100 sele ephuhlisa iimveliso zokutya ezisekwe kwiiseli ezilungele ukuthengiswa kwaye zilinde imvume.”
Ingxelo ithi ezi nguqu zitsha zenkqubo yokutya ziphendula "kwimingeni emikhulu yokutya" enxulumene nabemi behlabathi abafikelela kwi-9.8 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2050.
Njengoko ezinye iimveliso zokutya ezisekelwe kwiiseli sele ziphantsi kwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo ophuhliso, ingxelo ithi "kubalulekile ukuvavanya ngokungenamkhethe iingenelo ezinokuziswa zizo, kunye nayo nayiphi na imingcipheko enxulumene nazo - kuquka ukhuseleko lokutya kunye neenkxalabo zomgangatho".
Ingxelo, enesihloko esithi Ukhuseleko Lokutya Kwizinto Ezisekelwe Kwiseli, ibandakanya ukuhlanganiswa koncwadi lwemiba yesigama esifanelekileyo, imigaqo yeenkqubo zokuveliswa kokutya ezisekelwe kwiiseli, imeko-bume yehlabathi yezikhokelo zomthetho, kunye nezifundo zamatyala ezivela e-Israel, eQatar naseSingapore "ukugxininisa iinkalo ezahlukeneyo, izakhiwo kunye neemeko ezijikeleze izikhokelo zabo zomthetho zokutya okusekelwe kwiiseli".
Olu shicilelo luquka iziphumo zengxoxo-mpikiswano yeengcali ezikhokelwa yi-FAO eyayibanjelwe eSingapore ngoNovemba kunyaka ophelileyo, apho kwachongwa khona iingozi zokhuseleko lokutya ngokupheleleyo - ukuchongwa kweengozi linyathelo lokuqala lenkqubo yovavanyo lomngcipheko olusemthethweni.
Ukuchongwa kweengozi kuquke amanqanaba amane enkqubo yokuveliswa kokutya okusekelwe kwiiseli: ukufumana iiseli, ukukhula nokuveliswa kweeseli, ukuvunwa kweeseli, kunye nokulungiswa kokutya. Iingcali zivumile ukuba nangona iingozi ezininzi sele zaziwa kwaye zikhona ngokulinganayo ekutyeni okuveliswe ngendlela yesiqhelo, ingqwalasela ingafuneka ibekwe kwizixhobo ezithile, izinto ezifakwayo, izithako - kuquka izinto ezinokubangela i-allergen - kunye nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo kwimveliso yokutya okusekelwe kwiiseli.
Nangona i-FAO ibhekisa “kukutya okusekwe kwiiseli,” ingxelo iyavuma ukuba 'okulinyiweyo' kunye 'nokukhuliswa' ngamagama asetyenziswa rhoqo kushishino. I-FAO ibongoza amaqumrhu olawulo esizwe ukuba aseke ulwimi olucacileyo noluhambelanayo ukunciphisa unxibelelwano olungafanelekanga, nto leyo ibalulekileyo ekubhalweni kweelebhile.
Ingxelo ibonisa ukuba indlela yokuvavanya ukhuseleko lokutya kwiimveliso zokutya ezisekelwe kwiiseli ifanelekile kuba, nangona kunokwenziwa ngokubanzi malunga nenkqubo yemveliso, imveliso nganye ingasebenzisa imithombo eyahlukeneyo yeeseli, iiscaffolds okanye ii-microcarriers, ukwakheka kweendaba zenkcubeko, iimeko zokulima kunye noyilo lwee-reactor.
Ikwathi kumazwe amaninzi, ukutya okusekwe kwiiseli kunokuvavanywa ngaphakathi kweenkqubo zokutya ezintsha ezikhoyo, ikhankanya izilungiso zeSingapore kwimithetho yayo emitsha yokutya ukuze ibandakanye ukutya okusekwe kwiiseli kunye nesivumelwano esisemthethweni sase-US malunga neemfuno zokubhala iilebheli kunye nokhuseleko lokutya okwenziwe ngeeseli ezikhuliswe kwimfuyo kunye neenkukhu, njengemizekelo. Yongeza ukuba i-USDA ichaze injongo yayo yokwenza imithetho yokubhala iilebheli zenyama kunye neemveliso zeenkukhu ezivela kwiiseli zezilwanyana.
Ngokutsho kwe-FAO, “okwangoku kukho ulwazi oluncinci kunye nedatha malunga nemiba yokhuseleko lokutya kokutya okusekwe kwiiseli ukuxhasa abalawuli ekwenzeni izigqibo ezinolwazi”.
Ingxelo iphawula ukuba ukuveliswa kwedatha engaphezulu kunye nokwabelana ngayo kwinqanaba lehlabathi kubalulekile ekudaleni umoya wokuvuleleka nokuthembana, ukuze bonke abachaphazelekayo bakwazi ukubandakanyeka kakuhle. Ikwathi imizamo yokusebenzisana yamazwe ngamazwe iya kunceda amagunya ahlukeneyo afanelekileyo okhuseleko lokutya, ingakumbi lawo akumazwe anengeniso ephantsi nephakathi, ukuba asebenzise indlela esekelwe kubungqina ukulungiselela naziphi na izenzo zolawulo ezifunekayo.
Iqukumbela ngokuthi ngaphandle kokhuseleko lokutya, ezinye iinkalo zezifundo ezifana nesigama, izikhokelo zomthetho, imiba yesondlo, indlela abathengi abaqonda ngayo kunye nokwamkelwa (kuquka incasa kunye nokufikeleleka) zibaluleke ngokufanayo, kwaye mhlawumbi zibaluleke nangakumbi malunga nokwazisa obu buchwepheshe kwimarike.
Kwingxoxo-mpikiswano yeengcali ebibanjelwe eSingapore ukususela nge-1 ukuya kwi-4 kaNovemba kunyaka ophelileyo, i-FAO ikhuphe ubizo oluvulelekileyo kwihlabathi liphela lweengcali ukususela nge-1 ka-Epreli ukuya kwi-15 kaJuni 2022, ukuze kuqulunqwe iqela leengcali ezineenkalo ezahlukeneyo zobungcali namava.
Iingcali ezili-138 zizonke zifake izicelo kwaye iphaneli yokukhetha ezimeleyo ihlolisise kwaye yabeka izicelo ngokwemigangatho emiselweyo - abafaki-zicelo abangama-33 bakhethwe kuluhlu olufutshane. Phakathi kwabo, abangama-26 bagcwalisa kwaye basayina ifomu ethi 'Ukugcinwa Kwemfihlo kunye Nokubhengezwa Kwemidla', kwaye emva kovavanyo lwazo zonke izinto ezidityanisiweyo, abaviwa abangenayo ingxabano yomdla ebonwayo badweliswe njengeengcali, ngelixa abaviwa abanemvelaphi efanelekileyo ngalo mba kwaye onokubonwa njengongquzulwano lomdla olunokwenzeka badweliswe njengabantu abanezixhobo.
Iingcali zephaneli yobugcisa zezi:
U-lAnil Kumar Anal, uprofesa, i-Asian Institute of Technology, eThailand
lWilliam Chen, uprofesa ozinikeleyo kunye nomlawuli wesayensi yokutya kunye netekhnoloji, kwiYunivesithi yeTekhnoloji yaseNanyang, eSingapore (usekela-sihlalo)
lDeepak Choudhury, isazinzulu esiphezulu kwiteknoloji yokwenza izinto eziphilayo, iBioprocessing Technology Institute, iArhente yeSayensi, iTekhnoloji noPhando, eSingapore
lSghaier Chriki, unjingalwazi oncedisayo, i-Institut Supérieur de l'Agriculture Rhône-Alpes, umphandi, iZiko loPhando leSizwe lezoLimo, uKutya nokusiNgqongileyo, eFransi (usekela-sihlalo weqela elisebenzayo)
lMarie-Pierre Ellies-Oury, unjingalwazi oncedisayo, i-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique et de L'Environnement kunye ne-Bordeaux Sciences Agro, eFransi
lJeremiah Fasano, umcebisi omkhulu wemigaqo-nkqubo, i-United States Food and Drug Administration, e-US (usihlalo)
lMukunda Goswami, isazinzulu esiyintloko, iBhunga laseIndiya loPhando lwezoLimo, eIndiya
lWilliam Hallman, uprofesa kunye nosihlalo, kwiYunivesithi yaseRutgers, e-US
UGeoffrey Muriira Karau, umlawuli wokuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuhlolwa, iBureau of Standards, eKenya
lMartín Alfredo Lema, i-biotechnologist, iYunivesithi yeSizwe yaseQuilmes, eArgentina (usekela-sihlalo)
lReza Ovissipour, uprofesa oncedisayo, iVirginia Polytechnic Institute kunye neYunivesithi yoMbuso, e-US
UChristopher Simuntala, igosa eliphezulu lokhuseleko lwendalo, iNational Biosafety Authority, eZambia
lYongning Wu, isazinzulu esiyintloko, iZiko leSizwe loVavanyo loMngcipheko woKhuseleko lokutya, eTshayina
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-04-2024