Iingxoxo malunga nomthamo wemveliso kunye namaxabiso ka-2026 zisaqhubeka kwiNyakatho yeHlabathi, ngelixa ukuvunwa kwiNyakatho yeHlabathi kusondela esiphelweni. Ngokwezibalo zamva nje ezivela kwiBhunga leeTomato eziLungiselela ukuHlaziywa kweHlabathi (iWPTC), imveliso yeetomato ezilungiswayo kwihlabathi jikelele kulindeleke ukuba ibe ngaphantsi kweetoni ezingama-40 ezigidi, okwangoku iqikelelwa kwiitoni ezingama-39.8 ezigidi. Oku kubonisa ukwehla okuncinci kwimveliso yokugqibela ka-2025 yeetoni ezingama-40.3 ezigidi, kwaye kuphantsi kakhulu kunezo zingaphezulu ezirekhodiweyo ngo-2023 (iitoni ezingama-44.4 ezigidi) kunye no-2024 (iitoni ezingama-45.9 ezigidi).
Amazwe angamalungu e-AMITOM
Bhulgariya
Ngenxa yokunyuka kweendleko zamandla nezichumiso (+40%) kunye nokulungiswa okucwangcisiweyo kwisikhululo esikhulu, iBalkan, umthamo wokucubungula ngo-2026 kulindeleke ukuba wehle ngama-50% ukuya kuma-20,000 eetoni zemetric. Imozulu yangoku imanzi kancinci kodwa ayizukuchaphazela ukuhlwayela okucwangciselwe ukuqala ekupheleni kuka-Epreli.
Jiphethe
Uqikelelo alutshintshanga kwiitoni ezingama-800,000.
Fransi
Ukungaqiniseki kuyaqhubeka njengoko iingxoxo zamaxabiso kunye nemveliso ziqhubeka. Imveliso kulindeleke ukuba yehle iye kwiitoni ezili-150,000, mhlawumbi ihambisane nokuncipha kwe-acreage yesiqhelo, ngelixa i-acreage yendalo kulindeleke ukuba inyuke. Indawo iyonke etyaliweyo iya kuba ngaphantsi kweehektare ezingama-2,000.
Imvula engapheliyo yasebusika ishiye amasimi emanzi kwaye imeko ayintle. Ukutyala izityalo, okwakucwangciselwe ukuqala kule veki, kusenokulibaziseka kude kube yiveki ezayo ngenxa yomoya ovuthuzayo kunye nemozulu ebandayo.
Grisi
Imozulu ilungile kwaye amasimi alungisiwe. Ukutyala kuqalile kule veki kwimimandla esemazantsi kwaye kuza kuqala kwiveki ezayo kwiindawo eziphakathi. Eyona ngxaki iphambili yimpembelelo yemfazwe kumaxabiso amandla kunye nezichumisi, nangona urhulumente exhasa. Uqikelelo luhlala lukwiitoni ezingama-450,000.
Amaxabiso abhengeziwe, amalunga ne-€115/mt (aziswa efektri), kunye notshintsho oluthile.
Hangari
Uqikelelo lwangoku lumalunga neetoni ezingama-70,000. Ukuhlwayelwa kwembewu yezityalo ezisandul’ ukuzalwa kuqalile kwiveki ephelileyo.
i-Iran
Ukungaqiniseki okukhulu kusaqhubeka, kwaye unxibelelwano lunzima. I-Iran ithintele okwethutyana ukuthunyelwa kweetumato kunye neemveliso zetumato ngaphandle. Uhlaziyo olongezelelweyo luya kunikezelwa njengoko ulwazi lufumaneka.
ElamaTaliyane
Ukufumaneka kwamanzi ngokubanzi kumantla e-Itali kwanele (ubusika obunemvula), kwaye ukulungiswa komhlaba kukwimeko entle. Uqikelelo lusekwinqanaba elapapashwa ngoFebruwari (iitoni ezizigidi ezi-3).
Iingxoxo phakathi kwabaprosesa kunye nemibutho yabalimi malunga nobungakanani bemveliso kunye neemeko zoqoqosho zijongene nothotho lokulibaziseka kunye nobunzima ngenxa yeendleko zamandla eziguquguqukayo, ezichaphazela kungekuphela nje ipetroli kwimisebenzi yezolimo kodwa kunye neendleko zokufaka kubandakanya izichumisi ze-nitrogen. Ekugqibeleni iingxoxo zigqitywe ngoLwesihlanu, umhla wama-27 kuMatshi, ngexabiso eliqhelekileyo lokuhanjiswa kwentsimi eliyi-€137/mt, kubandakanya iiprimiyamu zokuhanjiswa emva kwexesha kunye neentlawulo zenkonzo.
Iimeko kumbindi nasemazantsi e-Itali zingcono kunonyaka ophelileyo, kwaye kukho amanzi aneleyo kwiindawo ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, iDama lase-Occhito, nangona liphuculwe, alikasombululi ngokupheleleyo ukunqongophala kwamanzi.
Njengesiqhelo, imibutho yabaprosesa kunye nabalimi kwimimandla esembindini/esemazantsi iza kulinda ukuba amaxabiso asentla agqitywe ngaphambi kokuba iqale iingxoxo zayo.
Iingxabano zamazwe ngamazwe ezinxulumene neStrait of Hormuz ziphakamise iinkxalabo ezinkulu malunga neendleko zedizili kunye nezichumisi, nto leyo edale iingxaki kwiingxoxo.
Uqikelelo luhlaziywe lwaba ziitoni ezizizigidi ezi-2.8 kumbindi/kumzantsi we-Itali, nto leyo eyenze imveliso elindelekileyo yesizwe yafikelela kwiitoni ezizizigidi ezi-5.8.
Photshugo
IPortugal ichaphazeleke zizivuthuvuthu ezininzi, kunye nezikhukula ezibanzi kwiindawo ezikhulisa iitumato. Eminye imida yentsimi ecaleni koMlambo iTagus yonakele, nto leyo ekhokelele kumhlaba ogcwele amanzi. Imozulu entle yasentwasahlobo yangoku inceda iindawo ezomileyo ezisele zikhukulisiwe. Ukufakelwa izityalo kucwangciselwe ukuqala ngomhla wesi-6 ku-Epreli.
Ngoko ke uqikelelo lwe-1.3 yezigidi zeetoni zemetric luyagcinwa. Amaxabiso exesha axelwa kwiindaba malunga ne-€106–107/mt (ukuhanjiswa kwemveliso ebaleni).
Sebhiya
Iimeko zilungile ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Ukuba isivuno sifikelela kwinqanaba lexesha elidlulileyo leetoni ezingama-90 kwihektare nganye, umthamo wokucubungula kulindeleke ukuba ube ziitoni ezingama-57,000.
Speyin
Imvula eninzi yasebusika izalise amachibi aseAndalusia nase-Extremadura, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukuba kukho amanzi aneleyo kwiminyaka emine ezayo. Imozulu ilungile okwangoku; ukutyala kuqale kwiveki ephelileyo e-Andalusia kwaye kuza kuqala kwiveki ezayo e-Extremadura.
Amaxabiso avunyelwene ngawo malunga ne-€107/mt (ukuhanjiswa kwentsimi) okanye i-€115/mt (ukuhanjiswa efektri). Nangona kunjalo, abanye abalimi ngoku bacela amaxabiso aphezulu ngenxa yokunyuka kweendleko zamandla kunye nezichumisi. Uqikelelo lunyuselwe kwi-metric tons ezizigidi ezi-2.75.
Thunishiya
Akukho qikelelo lokucubungula ixesha lonyaka olufumanekayo okwangoku. Idatha ekhoyo kuphela yindawo ecwangcisiweyo yokutyala, eqikelelwa malunga neehektare ezili-15,300.
Thekhi
Ngokusekelwe kulwazi oluqokelelweyo, indawo etyaliweyo inokuncipha kancinci emazantsi ngelixa ihlala izinzile okanye isanda kancinci kummandla waseBursa. Imozulu ibimanzi kwiveki ephelileyo kwaye kulindeleke imvula engaphezulu kwiveki ezayo, ngoko ke ukutyala kuya kuba semva kancinci kunesiqhelo.
Izitokhwe zemveliso (ingakumbi i-tomato paste ekheniweyo) zisekhona, kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwehlile ngenxa yamazinga okutshintshiselana angathandekiyo. Imveliso kulindeleke phakathi kwe-2.4 kunye ne-2.5 yezigidi zeetoni.
Akukho datha yamaxabiso kawonke-wonke ekhoyo, kodwa amaxabiso esivumelwano amalunga ne-TRY 525/mt (athunyelwa efektri), alingana ne-€100. Abalimi bafuna amaxabiso aphezulu ngenxa yeendleko ezonyukileyo; kungenjalo, banokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi, nto leyo enokuchaphazela isivuno.
Yukreyini
Amasimi alungisiwe, imbewu yezityalo ezikwindawo yokugcina izityalo iqalile ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo, kwaye ukufakelwa izityalo kucwangciselwe ukuphela kuka-Epreli. Izixhobo zokufaka izichumiso zanele kodwa amaxabiso athathwa njengangenamsebenzi, kwaye namaxabiso amandla nawo anyukile. Uqikelelo lunokuhlaziywa luhle ngoMeyi ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zangempela zentsimi. Izikhundla zangaphambili azitshintshanga ukusukela kunyaka ophelileyo.
Amanye amazwe aseMantla eHlabathi
IKhalifoniya
Ukutyalwa kwezityalo zasekuqaleni kwexesha lonyaka kwaqala ngoFebruwari phantsi kweemeko zemozulu ezifanelekileyo. UMatshi uzise amaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwesiqhelo, nto leyo ekhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo kwiintsimi esele zityaliwe. Amaqondo obushushu ashushu nawo abangele ukumisa okwethutyana kwimisebenzi ethile yokutyala, kodwa akukho ngxaki inkulu elindelekileyo ngeli xesha.
Imvula efunyenwe kulo nyaka ingaphantsi kolindelo lwasebusika lwangaphambili, nto leyo eya kunciphisa ulwabiwo lwamanzi kwezinye iindawo zelizwe. Ekubeni indawo etyaliweyo sele inciphile kule sizini, ulwabiwo lwamanzi oluncitshisiweyo aluyi kuchaphazela indawo etyaliweyo kweli phulo langoku.
Iingxoxo zamaxabiso zisaqhubeka.
Khanada
Iinjongo zokuqala zesivumelwano sowama-2026 ziitoni ezimfutshane ezingama-586,000 (malunga neetoni ezingama-532,000). Imozulu eqhelekileyo yasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo iye yanda kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, kubandakanya amaxesha afudumeleyo nabandayo atshintshanayo, isibhakabhaka esinamafu, imvula engapheliyo, ikhephu elimanzi ngamanye amaxesha, kunye nobusuku obuninzi obunamaqondo obushushu angaphantsi komkhenkce. Ukutyala kucwangciselwe ukuqala ekuqaleni ukuya phakathi kuMeyi.
iTshayina
Ukusukela ekupheleni kukaMatshi, indawo etyaliweyo yokucubungula iitumato imalunga neehektare ezingama-50,670. Imveliso iqikelelwa kwi-5.92 yezigidi zeetoni zemetric. Uhlaziyo oluhlayo lubangelwa ikakhulu yimvakalelo yabalimi malunga nembono yemarike kunye nomdla ophantsi wokutyala.
Japhan
Ukutyala kuza kuqala ngezigaba eziqala ekupheleni kukaMatshi, kuqala kummandla waseTokai. Uqikelelo aluzange lutshintshe: Kutyalwe iihektare ezingama-400, kulindeleke ukuba umthamo wokucubungula ube ziitoni ezingama-24,000.
Amazwe aseMzantsi weHlabathi
Ajentina
Iphulo lokucubungula iitumato ngo-2026 eArgentina livune malunga ne-75% yendawo etyaliweyo, lingena kwiveki yalo ye-13 yokuvuna. Indawo etyaliweyo iqikelelwa kwi-5,120 yeehektare. Phantsi kweemeko zesivuno esiqhelekileyo (ngokuhambelana nomyinge weminyaka emininzi), imveliso iyonke kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele malunga ne-425,000 yeetoni zemetric.
Ulindelo lwesivuno luhlala luqinile kwaye luzinzile, luxhaswa kukusebenza okuqinileyo phantsi kwenkqubo yeTomate 2000, eye yanciphisa ngempumelelo impembelelo yezichotho zakutshanje. Isivuno sangoku singaphezulu kwe-10-15% kwixesha elidlulileyo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuphucuka okuqhubekayo ngo-2025. Imeko yesivuno iyonke ilungile, kwaye umgangatho wesiqhamo ube ngowanelisayo kakhulu ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Iimeko zemozulu kweli xesha lonyaka bezizinzile ngokubanzi: zishushu, zomile, zinomoya, kwaye zinemvula encinci. Nangona kunjalo, isichotho esinamandla sihlasele indawo yaseVilla Aberastain kwiPhondo laseSan Juan phakathi kuJanuwari, sachaphazela indawo enkulu ngokungaqhelekanga emalunga neehektare ezingama-400, umonakalo usuka komncinci ukuya kowoyikekayo.
Ukuvuna kwaqala phakathi kuDisemba kwaye kuye kwaqhubeka kancinci. Nangona kukhawuleziswa malunga neVeki yesi-5 neyesi-8, kuye kwabuyela kwisantya esiqhelekileyo. Ukuvuna kusendleleni kwaye kulindeleke ukuba kuphele ekupheleni kuka-Epreli, kuxhomekeke kwishedyuli yefektri kunye neemeko zentsimi ezisele.
Ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yeTomate 2000, ebangela isabelo esikhulu semveliso yesizwe, inkqubela phambili incinci: i-76% yendawo elungisiweyo sele ivuniwe (iihektare ezingama-2,160 kwiihektare ezingama-2,842 zizonke). Imveliso iyonke elindelweyo yenkqubo imalunga neetoni ezingama-293,228, apho iitoni ezingama-229,535 zivuniwe, kushiyeke malunga neetoni ezingama-63,700 ezisele.
Isivuno esiphakathi esivela emasimini avuniweyo okwangoku siqikelelwa kwiitoni ezili-106 ze-metric ngehektare, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kule sizini.
Isabelo senkqubo yeTomate 2000 kwimveliso kazwelonke siyaqhubeka nokunyuka, ngoku simele malunga ne-68–69% yemveliso iyonke elindelekileyo. Olu kukhula luqhutywa ikakhulu ziziphumo ezigqwesileyo kwiindawo ezijongiweyo, apho isivuno siphezulu kwaye sizinzile ngakumbi, sihlala singaphezulu komndilili wesizwe. Le nkqubo ke ngoko idlala indima ephambili ekuxhaseni inqanaba lemveliso iyonke yaseArgentina.
Kukho umahluko ocacileyo wengingqi ngaphakathi kwenkqubo.
Kwingingqi yaseSan Juan, indawo evuthwa kwangethuba, inkqubela phambili yesivuno iphucuke kakhulu: i-86% yendawo evunwayo, kusele i-14% kuphela. Isivuno esivuniweyo sinamandla, simalunga neetoni ezili-111 ngehektare nganye, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ummandla waseMendoza, indawo ekhula kamva enemozulu epholileyo, uvune i-54% yendawo, kunye ne-46% eseleyo, emele uninzi lwesivuno esibalaseleyo. Nangona uphuhliso lucotha, isivuno esivuniweyo sikwanamandla malunga neetoni ezingama-91 ze-metric ngehektare, nto leyo ebonisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo phantsi kweemeko zobushushu ezingezizo ezilungileyo.
Ostreliya
Ukuvuna kuzwelonke sele kuza kugqitywa kodwa kuye kwancipha ngenxa yemvula exhaphakileyo. Ukuhanjiswa okuqokelelweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kumalunga neetoni ezili-138,000, kwaye imveliso iyonke kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kwiitoni ezili-157,000, ukusuka kwingqikelelo yangaphambili. Ukucubungula kulindeleke ukuba kuphele emva nje kwePasika.
Brazil
Uqikelelo lwangoku yi-1,467,000 metric tons ukusuka kwiihektare ezili-15,150.
Ngokwesifundo seRabobank sika-2025, ukuxinana e-Iran kunokuchaphazela imakethi yezichumisi, ingakumbi izichumisi ze-nitrogen. Olu phononongo luphawula ukuba malunga ne-45% ye-urea ethunyelwa ngaphandle kwihlabathi liphela, i-25% ye-ammonia, i-20% ye-DAP, i-10% ye-MAP, kunye ne-30% yesalfure zithunyelwa ngeendlela ezinxulumene nePersian Gulf. Amaxabiso edizili yezolimo sele enyuke ngama-60% kwiveki enye.
Tshile
Imvula enkulu ichaphazele iindawo ezahlukeneyo ezivelisa iitumato phakathi kuMatshi, apho ezinye iindawo zirekhoda ngaphezulu kwe-100 mm kwiiyure ezingama-24 ngoMatshi 16. Zonke iifektri zisebenze kwiveki ephelileyo kodwa zinomlinganiselo omncinci wokukhupha. Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomonakalo wemvula alukafumaneki okwangoku, ngoko ke uqikelelo luhlala lukwi-1.3 yezigidi zeetoni.
I-New Zealand
Umthamo wetomato ocutshungulwayo uhlile kulo nyaka ngenxa yobuninzi beempahla zetomato paste ezigcinwe yiprosesa eseleyo, uHeinz Watties. Ingqwalasela itshintshele kwiimveliso ezisemathinini, ngoko ke umzi-mveliso uza kucubungula iitoni ezili-15,000 kuphela, ukusuka kwitoni ezingama-37,000 ngo-2025.
Mzantsi Afrika
Iindawo zemveliso zasehlotyeni zijongene nemozulu eyomileyo neshushu. Amashumi asixhenxe anesihlanu ekhulwini ezityalo zasehlotyeni zifunyenwe, kunye neBrix ephakathi ye-5.8. Ixesha lokucubungula ihlobo kulindeleke ukuba liphele ekupheleni kuka-Epreli. Ukuhambisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo okwangoku kumela i-25% yenani lilonke lemveliso yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Kwimimandla yemveliso yasebusika yephondo laseLimpopo elikumantla, kuye kwabikwa ngezikhukula. Ukufakelwa izityalo kufuneka kugqitywe ekupheleni kuka-Epreli. Ukuhanjiswa kwazo ebusika kucwangciselwe ukuqala ngo-Epreli ukuya ekupheleni kukaSeptemba.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-03-2026